Why Physiologically Cold weather can Increase Obesity Rates?

P-77: Pre-Pregnancy Obesity Can Increase the Risk of Cesarean Section

Background: To determine the relationship between prepregnancy obesity and increasing risk of cesarean section (CS). Materials and Methods: The population studied included 887 women with live births after 37 weeks gestation in Shahid Sedoughi hospital between April 1, 2008, and April 1, 2009. Women who were obese before pregnancy were comparing with nonobese women with regard to mode of deliver...

Effect of Antifreeze Admixtures on Cold Weather Concrete

Kashmir is located in a region where winter temperatures are very low. During the winter months, the temperature in Kashmir is often below 0⁰ C. Generally concrete placed in colder regions with the help of insulated forms as well as heaters to protect freshly mixed concrete against freezing. These practices try to incorporate unnecessary carbon and leads to an disagreeable carbon footprint. The...

Health Impacts of Cold Weather

Why oppose TDRs?: Transferable development rights can increase overall development

Economists have long argued that systems of marketable permits are a cost-effective means of regulating externalities. Though these ideas have only recently been implemented in the field of pollution control, transferable development rights (TDRs) have been used for decades by city planners in many locales. Most opponents of permit trading contest the granting of property rights to the originat...

Why the Poor can Gain From Increased Interest Rates

We believe that group-lending institutions have incentives to include members outside the target-group of poor households. This implies a methodological problem that is rarely taken into account in empirical studies. We apply a general household survey, and find some evidence of non-poor households within the Grameen Bank of Nepal. A self-selection mechanism is proposed, where the interest rate...